Monday, 6 April 2015

Restore .bak file to Database

If I have a .bak file and I want to restore it database what are the various steps involved in it. Assume that I do not know much about that backup file.

‐‐Retrieve logical file name

RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK = 'D:\wave.bak'
GO

‐‐Make Database to single user Mode

ALTER DATABASE wave SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
GO

‐‐Restore Database

RESTORE DATABASE wave
FROM disk = 'D:\wave.bak'
WITH MOVE 'Best' TO 'd:\wave.mdf',
MOVE 'Best_log' TO 'd:\wave_log.ldf'
GO

‐‐Make Database to multi user Mode

ALTER DATABASE wave SET MULTI_USER
GO


PERMISSIONS AFTER REFRESHING (Restoring)

Run the below script in source server database(which database you want to restore) then we will get the Stored proc of the all the permissions then run these stored proc in destination server new database.

select 'exec sp_addrolemember ' + '''' + g.name + '''' + ',' + '''' + m.name + ''''
from sys.sysmembers join sys.sysusers g on groupuid = g.uid
join sys.sysusers m on memberuid = m.uid

TRANSFER LOGINS TO NEW INSTANCE(REV_LOGIN SCRIPT)

Run the REV_LOGIN(below attached) script in source server master database then we will get the Stored proc of the all the logins then run these stored proc in destination server.


REV_LOGIN SCRIPT:

USE master
GO
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_hexadecimal') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
    @binvalue varbinary(256),
    @hexvalue varchar (514) OUTPUT
AS
DECLARE @charvalue varchar (514)
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @length int
DECLARE @hexstring char(16)
SELECT @charvalue = '0x'
SELECT @i = 1
SELECT @length = DATALENGTH (@binvalue)
SELECT @hexstring = '0123456789ABCDEF'
WHILE (@i <= @length)
BEGIN
  DECLARE @tempint int
  DECLARE @firstint int
  DECLARE @secondint int
  SELECT @tempint = CONVERT(int, SUBSTRING(@binvalue,@i,1))
  SELECT @firstint = FLOOR(@tempint/16)
  SELECT @secondint = @tempint - (@firstint*16)
  SELECT @charvalue = @charvalue +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @firstint+1, 1) +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @secondint+1, 1)
  SELECT @i = @i + 1
END

SELECT @hexvalue = @charvalue
GO

IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_help_revlogin') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin @login_name sysname = NULL AS
DECLARE @name sysname
DECLARE @type varchar (1)
DECLARE @hasaccess int
DECLARE @denylogin int
DECLARE @is_disabled int
DECLARE @PWD_varbinary  varbinary (256)
DECLARE @PWD_string  varchar (514)
DECLARE @SID_varbinary varbinary (85)
DECLARE @SID_string varchar (514)
DECLARE @tmpstr  varchar (1024)
DECLARE @is_policy_checked varchar (3)
DECLARE @is_expiration_checked varchar (3)

DECLARE @defaultdb sysname

IF (@login_name IS NULL)
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR

      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name <> 'sa'
ELSE
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR


      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name = @login_name
OPEN login_curs

FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
IF (@@fetch_status = -1)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'No login(s) found.'
  CLOSE login_curs
  DEALLOCATE login_curs
  RETURN -1
END
SET @tmpstr = '/* sp_help_revlogin script '
PRINT @tmpstr
SET @tmpstr = '** Generated ' + CONVERT (varchar, GETDATE()) + ' on ' + @@SERVERNAME + ' */'
PRINT @tmpstr
PRINT ''
WHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)
BEGIN
  IF (@@fetch_status <> -2)
  BEGIN
    PRINT ''
    SET @tmpstr = '-- Login: ' + @name
    PRINT @tmpstr
    IF (@type IN ( 'G', 'U'))
    BEGIN -- NT authenticated account/group

      SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
    END
    ELSE BEGIN -- SQL Server authentication
        -- obtain password and sid
            SET @PWD_varbinary = CAST( LOGINPROPERTY( @name, 'PasswordHash' ) AS varbinary (256) )
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @PWD_varbinary, @PWD_string OUT
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @SID_varbinary,@SID_string OUT

        -- obtain password policy state
        SELECT @is_policy_checked = CASE is_policy_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
        SELECT @is_expiration_checked = CASE is_expiration_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name

            SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' WITH PASSWORD = ' + @PWD_string + ' HASHED, SID = ' + @SID_string + ', DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'

        IF ( @is_policy_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_POLICY = ' + @is_policy_checked
        END
        IF ( @is_expiration_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_EXPIRATION = ' + @is_expiration_checked
        END
    END
    IF (@denylogin = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is denied access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; DENY CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    ELSE IF (@hasaccess = 0)
    BEGIN -- login exists but does not have access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; REVOKE CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    IF (@is_disabled = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is disabled
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; ALTER LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' DISABLE'
    END
    PRINT @tmpstr
  END

  FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
   END
CLOSE login_curs
DEALLOCATE login_curs
RETURN 0
GO


----------------------------------------


EXEC sp_help_revlogin


=======================

ORPHANED USERS? HOW TO FIXED ORPHANED USERS?

When a DB is move, attach & detach, restoring to different instance or corresponding login is dropped, the users of the Database becomes Orphaned users and they can’t access the database because the database users are not mapped to SID (Security Identifier) in the new instance.

To detect Orphaned users:EXEC sp_change_users_login 'Report'

Fix the Orphaned users : EXEC  sp_change_users_login 'Auto_Fix',@tempUsername;


If multiple Orphaned users then :


CREATE TABLE #OrphanedUsers(
row_num  INT IDENTITY(1,1),
username VARCHAR(1000),
id       VARCHAR(1000)

)

INSERT INTO #OrphanedUsers(username,id)
EXEC sp_change_users_login 'Report'

DECLARE @rowCount INT = (SELECT COUNT(1) FROM #OrphanedUsers );

DECLARE @i INT =1 ;
DECLARE @tempUsername VARCHAR(1000);

WHILE(@i <= @rowCount)
BEGIN
               SELECT @tempUsername = username FROM #OrphanedUsers WHERE row_num = @i;

               EXEC  sp_change_users_login 'Auto_Fix',@tempUsername;

               SET @i = @i+1;
END

DROP TABLE #OrphanedUsers;